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The Golden Circle is a popular tourist route in Iceland that covers three main attractions located in the southwestern part of the country. The attractions are Thingvellir National Park, Geysir geothermal area, and Gullfoss waterfall.

Thingvellir National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is located about 40 km east of Reykjavik. It is a place of great historical and cultural significance as it was the site of the world's first parliament, Althingi, which was established in 930 AD. The park is also home to a rift valley formed by the separation of the Eurasian and North American tectonic plates, making it a unique geological site.

Geysir geothermal area is located in the Haukadalur valley, about 90 km from Reykjavik. It is known for its active geysers, particularly the Great Geysir, which erupts hot water and steam up to 70 meters in the air. The area also has several hot springs and fumaroles that emit steam and gas.

Gullfoss waterfall is located on the Hvita river, about 10 km from Geysir. It is one of Iceland's most popular tourist attractions and is known for its spectacular two-tiered drop. The water falls a total of 32 meters into a narrow canyon, creating a stunning display of water and mist.

Together, these three attractions form the Golden Circle, a popular day trip for visitors to Iceland. The route is easily accessible by car or bus and offers stunning natural landscapes and unique cultural experiences.

Þingvellir
The park is situated in a rift valley that marks the boundary between the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates. The unique geological features of the area make it an important site for studying the processes of plate tectonics.

Thingvellir is also a site of great historical significance. It was the location of Iceland’s national parliament, the Althing, from 930 to 1798. The Althing was the world’s first parliament to be established by a nation and played a crucial role in the development of Iceland’s legal and political systems.

Visitors to Thingvellir can explore the park’s natural wonders, including its many lakes, rivers, and waterfalls. There are also several hiking trails, including the popular Almannagjá gorge, which runs through the park and offers stunning views of the surrounding landscape.

Overall, Thingvellir is a must-see destination for anyone interested in Iceland’s natural beauty and rich cultural history.
Geysir
Geysir is a geothermal hot spring located in southwestern Iceland, in the Haukadalur Valley. It is one of the country’s most popular tourist attractions and is famous for its impressive geyser eruptions.

The name “Geysir” actually comes from the Icelandic word “geysa,” which means “to gush.” The geyser has been active for over 10,000 years, and its eruptions are caused by the superheated water beneath the surface of the earth being forced up through a narrow opening.

The eruptions of Geysir can reach up to 70 meters (230 feet) in height, but they are not predictable and can occur anywhere from every few minutes to several hours apart. The geyser’s activity has varied over time, and at times it has been dormant for years.

Visitors to Geysir can walk around the area and view the various hot springs and bubbling mud pools that surround the geyser. The nearby Strokkur geyser is also worth seeing, as it erupts more frequently and reliably than Geysir, with eruptions occurring every 5 to 10 minutes.
Gullfoss
Gullfoss, also known as the Golden Waterfall, is a stunning natural wonder located in the southwest of Iceland, in the canyon of the Hvítá river. The waterfall is one of the country’s most popular tourist attractions and is renowned for its breathtaking beauty.

Gullfoss is actually made up of two separate waterfalls that cascade down into a steep and narrow canyon. The first drop is approximately 11 meters (36 feet) high, and the second is around 21 meters (69 feet) high. The falls are particularly impressive during the spring and early summer when the melting snow and ice cause the Hvítá river to swell.

One of the most remarkable aspects of Gullfoss is its unique shape. The waterfall is actually horseshoe-shaped, which means that the water seems to disappear into the earth as it falls over the edge. This creates a stunning optical illusion that makes Gullfoss a particularly magical and unforgettable experience.

Visitors to Gullfoss can explore the surrounding area on foot and take in the spectacular views of the falls from various vantage points. There are also several hiking trails that lead to other natural wonders nearby, such as the hot springs at Geysir and the Thingvellir National Park.